Korean Food Allergy Guide
한국 음식 · South Korea
Korean cuisine is built on three fermented condiments — ganjang (soy sauce), doenjang (soybean paste), and gochujang (chili paste) — that appear in virtually every dish and all contain soy. Anchovy-kelp broth is the invisible base of most soups and stews. Sesame oil is added as a finishing touch to nearly everything. Kimchi, Korea's most famous food, contains fermented shrimp or anchovy in traditional recipes.
Allergen data cross-referenced against published allergen databases.
1. Set your dietary restrictions
Unsafe dishes will be flagged and safe dishes highlighted below.
2. Hidden allergen traps in Korean cooking
kimchi
김치
Traditional kimchi contains either fermented shrimp paste (saeu-jeot) or anchovy fish sauce (myeolchi-aekjeot) for fermentation. Most tourists think kimchi is just cabbage and chili. Nearly all restaurant kimchi is not vegetarian.
anchovy broth
멸치다시마육수 (myeolchi-dashima-yuksu)
Anchovy-kelp broth is the default soup and stew base in Korean cooking, equivalent to dashi in Japanese cooking. It is present in most jjigae (stews) and guk (soups). Even vegetable stews are typically made with this fish-based stock.
gochujang
고추장
Gochujang is a fermented chili paste made from glutinous rice, fermented soybean powder, and often wheat flour. It contains both soy and wheat allergens. It is used in tteokbokki sauce, bibimbap, and many marinades.
doenjang
된장
Fermented soybean paste used as the base of doenjang-jjigae and in many sauces. Commercial versions often contain wheat flour. It looks like miso but is Korean.
sesame oil
참기름 (chamgireum)
Sesame oil is a finishing ingredient in nearly every Korean dish: bibimbap toppings, namul (seasoned vegetables), bulgogi marinade, galbi marinade, and as a dipping accompaniment for samgyeopsal. Korean sesame oil is typically unrefined and retains allergenic proteins.
fish cakes
어묵 (eomuk)
Fish cakes (eomuk/odeng) are used in tteokbokki, in anchovy broth skewers, and as a side dish. They contain surimi (processed fish), wheat flour as binder, and sometimes egg and soy protein. Their wheat content makes tteokbokki unsafe for celiac disease.
| Ingredient | Native name | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|
| kimchi | 김치 | Traditional kimchi contains either fermented shrimp paste (saeu-jeot) or anchovy fish sauce (myeolchi-aekjeot) for fermentation. Most tourists think kimchi is just cabbage and chili. Nearly all restaurant kimchi is not vegetarian. |
| anchovy broth | 멸치다시마육수 (myeolchi-dashima-yuksu) | Anchovy-kelp broth is the default soup and stew base in Korean cooking, equivalent to dashi in Japanese cooking. It is present in most jjigae (stews) and guk (soups). Even vegetable stews are typically made with this fish-based stock. |
| gochujang | 고추장 | Gochujang is a fermented chili paste made from glutinous rice, fermented soybean powder, and often wheat flour. It contains both soy and wheat allergens. It is used in tteokbokki sauce, bibimbap, and many marinades. |
| doenjang | 된장 | Fermented soybean paste used as the base of doenjang-jjigae and in many sauces. Commercial versions often contain wheat flour. It looks like miso but is Korean. |
| sesame oil | 참기름 (chamgireum) | Sesame oil is a finishing ingredient in nearly every Korean dish: bibimbap toppings, namul (seasoned vegetables), bulgogi marinade, galbi marinade, and as a dipping accompaniment for samgyeopsal. Korean sesame oil is typically unrefined and retains allergenic proteins. |
| fish cakes | 어묵 (eomuk) | Fish cakes (eomuk/odeng) are used in tteokbokki, in anchovy broth skewers, and as a side dish. They contain surimi (processed fish), wheat flour as binder, and sometimes egg and soy protein. Their wheat content makes tteokbokki unsafe for celiac disease. |
These hidden allergens are in the base sauces and pastes. A real Korean menu has dozens more dishes. Want to check them all at once?
Scan a menu with Menu Decoder3. Browse 20 Korean dishes
Kimchi Jjigae
김치찌개
A hearty Korean stew made with fermented kimchi, pork or tuna, tofu, and vegetables in an anchovy broth base.
Bibimbap
비빔밥
A Korean rice bowl topped with seasoned vegetables (namul), gochujang paste, a fried egg, and sometimes beef, mixed together before eating.
Tteokbokki
떡볶이
Chewy rice cakes cooked in a spicy gochujang sauce with fish cakes, boiled eggs, and green onions.
Bulgogi
불고기
Thinly sliced marinated beef cooked on a grill or in a pan, marinated in soy sauce, sesame oil, sugar, garlic, and Asian pear.
Samgyeopsal
삼겹살
Thick slices of uncured pork belly grilled at the table, eaten wrapped in lettuce with garlic, green onion, and ssamjang paste.
Doenjang Jjigae
된장찌개
A savory Korean stew made with doenjang (fermented soybean paste), tofu, zucchini, mushrooms, and anchovy broth.
Japchae
잡채
Korean stir-fried glass noodles made from sweet potato starch, mixed with vegetables, beef, and seasoned with soy sauce and sesame oil.
Sundubu Jjigae
순두부찌개
A Korean spicy stew made with uncurdled soft tofu in an anchovy broth base, with shellfish, pork or beef, mushrooms, and an egg cracked in at the end.
Galbi
갈비
Korean marinated beef or pork short ribs, typically marinated in soy sauce, sugar, sesame oil, garlic, and Asian pear, grilled at the table.
Samgyetang
삼계탕
A whole young chicken stuffed with glutinous rice, ginseng, jujubes, and garlic, simmered in a clear broth until tender.
Haemul Pajeon
해물파전
A savory Korean pancake made from wheat flour batter with green onions and mixed seafood (shrimp, squid, oysters), served with a soy-vinegar dipping sauce.
Naengmyeon
냉면
Korean cold noodles served in an icy beef or dongchimi broth (mul naengmyeon) or with spicy gochujang sauce (bibim naengmyeon), typically with thin buckwheat noodles.
Pajeon
파전
A savory Korean pancake made primarily with green onions and wheat flour batter, served with a soy-vinegar dipping sauce.
Gimbap
김밥
Korean rice rolls made with seasoned rice, various fillings (egg, pickled radish, carrots, spinach, crab or tuna), wrapped in nori seaweed.
Galbitang
갈비탕
A clear Korean soup made by slowly simmering beef short ribs, resulting in a clean, rich broth served with radish and green onions.
Hotteok
호떡
Korean street food sweet pancakes filled with a mixture of brown sugar, cinnamon, and peanuts or seeds, made from a yeast-leavened wheat dough.
Bingsu
빙수
Korean shaved ice dessert topped with sweet red beans, rice cakes, condensed milk, fruit, and various toppings.
Kimchi
김치
Korea's most iconic fermented side dish of salted napa cabbage seasoned with gochugaru (red chili flakes), garlic, ginger, and either fermented shrimp or anchovy fish sauce.
Dak Galbi
닭갈비
Spicy stir-fried chicken with gochujang sauce, rice cakes, cabbage, and sweet potato in a wok.
Tteok-guk
떡국
A traditional Korean soup of thinly sliced oval rice cakes in a clear beef or anchovy broth, garnished with egg strips, seaweed, and sesame oil. Eaten on New Year's Day for good luck.
What to say at the restaurant
Show these phrases to your server. Tap to copy.
I have a food allergy
저는 음식 알레르기가 있어요 (jeoneun eumsik allereugi-ga isseoyo)
I cannot eat [allergen]
[알레르겐]을 못 먹어요 ([allereugen]-eul mot meogeoyo)
Does the gochujang contain wheat?
고추장에 밀이 들어있나요 (gochujang-e mil-i deureo-innayo)
Does the kimchi contain shrimp or fish?
김치에 새우젓이나 멸치가 들어있나요 (gimchi-e saeujeot-ina myeolchi-ga deureo-innayo)
Without sesame oil, please
참기름 빼 주세요 (chamgireum ppae juseyo)
When you sit down at the restaurant, the menu will have dishes not on this list.
Menu Decoder scans the actual menu in front of you, in any language, and checks every dish against your dietary profile in seconds.
Scan a menu nowImportant: Dish Scout is a reference guide, not medical advice. Traditional recipes vary by restaurant, region, and chef. Always verify ingredients with restaurant staff before ordering. When in doubt, don't eat it.